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Anne Hathaway's home was a 3 bedroom house with a small parlor, which was
seldom used (only for company), kitchen, and no bathroom.
Mother and Father shared a bedroom. Anne had a queen sized bed, but did not
sleep alone. She also had 2 other sisters and they shared the bed also with
6 servant girls. (this is before she married) They didn't sleep like we
do lengthwise but all laid on the bed crosswise.
At least they had a bed. The other bedroom was shared by her 6 brothers and
30 field workers. They didn't have a bed. Everyone just wrapped up in their
blanket and slept on the floor. They had no indoor heating so all the
extra bodies kept them warm.
They were also small people, the men only grew to be about 5'6" and the
women were 4'8". So in their house they had 27 people living.
Most people got married in June. Why? They took their yearly bath in May,
so they were still smelling pretty good by June, although they were starting
to smell, so the brides would carry a bouquet of flowers to hide their
b.o.
Like I said, they took their yearly bath in May, but it was just a big tub
that they would fill with hot water. The man of the house would get the
privilege of the nice clean water. Then all the other sons and men, then the
women and finally the children. Last of all the babies. By then the water
was pretty thick. Thus, the saying, "don't throw the baby out with the bath
water," it was so dirty you could actually lose someone in it.
I'll describe their houses a little. You've heard of thatch roofs, well
that's all they were. Thick straw, piled high, with no wood underneath.
They were the only place for the little animals to get warm. So all the
pets; dogs, cats and other small animals, mice, rats, bugs, all lived in the
roof. When it rained it became slippery so sometimes the animals would slip
and fall off the roof. Thus the saying, "it's raining cats and dogs." Since
there was nothing to stop things from falling into the house they would just
try to clean up a lot. But this posed a real problem in the bedroom where
bugs and other droppings from animals could really mess up your nice clean
bed, so they found if they would make beds with big posts and hang a sheet
over the top it would prevent that problem. That's where those beautiful
big 4 poster beds with canopies came from.
When you came into the house you would notice most times that the floor was
dirt. Only the wealthy had something other than dirt, that's where the
saying "dirt poor" came from. The wealthy would have slate floors. That
was fine but in the winter they would get slippery when they got wet. So
they started to spread thresh on the floor to help keep their footing. As
the winter wore on they would just keep adding it and adding it until when
you opened the door it would all start slipping outside. SO they put a
piece of wood at the entry way, a "thresh hold".
In the kitchen they would cook over the fire, they had a fireplace in the
kitchen/parlor, that was seldom used and sometimes in the master bedroom.
They had a big kettle that always hung over the fire and every day they
would light the fire and start adding things to the pot. Mostly they ate
vegetables, they didn't get much meat. They would eat the stew for dinner
then leave the leftovers in the pot to get cold overnight and then start
over the next day. Sometimes the stew would have food in it that had been
in there for a month! Thus the rhyme: peas porridge hot, peas porridge
cold, peas porridge in the pot nine days old."
Sometimes they could get a hold of some pork. They really felt special when
that happened and when company came over they even had a rack in the parlor
where they would bring out some bacon and hang it to show it off. That was a
sign of wealth and that a man "could really bring home the bacon." They
would cut off a little to share with guests and they would all sit around
and "chew the fat."
If you had money your plates were made out of pewter. Sometimes some of
their food had a high acid content and some of the lead would leach out into
the food. They really noticed it happened with tomatoes. So they stopped
eating tomatoes, for 400 years.
Most people didn't have pewter plates though, they all had trenchers, that
was a piece of wood with the middle scooped out like a bowl. They never
washed their boards and a lot of times worms would get into the wood. After
eating off the trencher with worms they would get "trench mouth."
If you were going traveling and wanted to stay at an Inn they usually
provided the bed but not the board.
The bread was divided according to status. The workers would get the burnt
bottom of the loaf, the family would get the middle and guests would get the
top, or the "upper crust".
They also had lead cups and when they would drink their ale or whiskey. The
combination would sometimes knock them out for a couple of days.
They would be walking along the road and here would be someone knocked out
and they thought they were dead. So they would pick them up and take them
home and get them ready to bury. They realized if they were too slow about
it, the person would wake up. Also, maybe not all of the people they were
burying were dead. So they would lay them out on the kitchen table for a
couple of days, the family would gather around and eat and drink and wait
and see if they would wake up. That's where the custom of holding a "wake"
came from.
Since England is so old and small they started running out of places to bury
people. So they started digging up some coffins and would take their bones
to a house and re-use the grave. They started opening these coffins and
found some had scratch marks on the inside.
One out of 25 coffins were that way and they realized they had still been
burying people alive. So they thought they would tie a string on their
wrist and lead it through the coffin and up through the ground and tie it to
a bell. Someone would have to sit out in the graveyard all night to listen
for the bell. That is how the saying "graveyard shift" was made.
If the bell would ring they would know that someone was "saved by the bell"
or he was a "dead ringer".
Someone said the author was Julie Williams